$ ls
$ ls ~
$ ls -l
$ ls -a
$ ls -1
$ ls -F
bg7nyt.txt*  Desktop/    Firefox_wallpaper.png  Music/     public_html@  Videos/
bg7nyt.wav*  Documents/  Mail/                  nat.txt*   script/       workspace/
BOINC/       Examples@   mbox                   Pictures/  Templates/
		

{}通配符

ls {*.py,*.php,*.{sh,shell}}		
		

take a look at below

alias l='ls -CF'
alias la='ls -A'
alias ll='ls -l'
alias ls='ls --color=auto'