第 10 章 Spring Data JPA

第 10 章 Spring Data JPA
上一頁	部分 I. Spring Framework	下一頁

10.1. @Entity

10.1.1. @Id

ID 欄位

	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	@Column(name = "id", unique = true, nullable = false, insertable = true, updatable = false)
	private int id;

10.1.2. @Table

配置Schema

			
@Table(name="tabname", schema="public")

10.1.3. @Column

unique		屬性表示該欄位是否為唯一標識，預設為false。如果表中有一個欄位需要唯一標識，則既可以使用該標記，也可以使用@Table標記中的@UniqueConstraint。
nullable		屬性表示該欄位是否可以為null值，預設為true。
insertable	屬性表示在使用“INSERT”腳本插入數據時，是否需要插入該欄位的值。
updatable	屬性表示在使用“UPDATE”腳本插入數據時，是否需要更新該欄位的值。insertable和updatable屬性一般多用於只讀的屬性，例如主鍵和外鍵等。這些欄位的值通常是自動生成的。
columnDefinition屬性表示創建表時，該欄位創建的SQL語句，一般用於通過Entity生成表定義時使用。
table		屬性表示當映射多個表時，指定表的表中的欄位。預設值為主表的表名。
length		屬性表示欄位的長度，當欄位的類型為varchar時，該屬性才有效，預設為255個字元。
precision	屬性和scale屬性表示精度，當欄位類型為double時，precision表示數值的總長度，scale表示小數點所占的位數。

10.1.3.1. 欄位長度

欄位長度定義

				
@Column(name="name", length=80, nullable=true)

10.1.3.2. 浮點型

				
	@Column(precision=18, scale=5)  
    private BigDecimal principal; 	
    
    @Column(name="Price", columnDefinition="Decimal(10,2) default '100.00'")

10.1.3.3. 創建於更新控制

@Column(name = "ctime", nullable = false, insertable = false, updatable = false)

10.1.4. @NotNull 不能為空聲明

@NotNull
public String username;

10.1.5. @DateTimeFormat 處理日期時間格式

public java.sql.Date createdate; 創建日期 YYYY-MM-DD 
public java.util.Date finisheddate; 創建日期時間 YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS

Json預設為 yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss 注意日期與時間中間的T，修改日期格式將T去掉

@DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
@JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")

10.1.6. 預設時間規則

10.1.6.1. CreatedDate

Spring 提供了 import org.springframework.data.annotation.CreatedDate;

但是這些只能作用於實體類。

				
	@CreatedDate
    private Date createdDateTime;

10.1.6.2. 與時間日期有關的 hibernate 註解

10.1.6.2.1. 設置預設時間

				
@Column(insertable = false) 
@org.hibernate.annotations.ColumnDefault("1.00") 
@org.hibernate.annotations.Generated(
org.hibernate.annotations.GenerationTime.INSERT
) 
protected Date lastModified;

10.1.6.2.2. 創建時間

				
@Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)  
@Column(updatable = false)  
@org.hibernate.annotations.CreationTimestamp  
protected Date createdDate;

10.1.6.2.3. 更新時間

				
@Column(name="update_time")  
@org.hibernate.annotations.UpdateTimestamp  
@Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
private Date updateTime;

				
@Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)  
@Column(insertable = false, updatable = false)  
@org.hibernate.annotations.Generated(  
org.hibernate.annotations.GenerationTime.ALWAYS  
)

10.1.6.3. 資料庫級別的預設創建日期時間定義

				
package cn.netkiller.api.domain.elasticsearch;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table
public class ElasticsearchTrash {
	@Id
	private int id;

	@Column(columnDefinition = "TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP")
	private Date ctime;

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public Date getCtime() {
		return ctime;
	}

	public void setCtime(Date ctime) {
		this.ctime = ctime;
	}

}

對應資料庫DDL

				
CREATE TABLE `elasticsearch_trash` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `ctime` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

10.1.6.4. 資料庫級別的預設創建日期與更新時間定義

需求是這樣的：

1. 創建時間與更新時間只能由資料庫產生，不允許在實體類中產生，因為每個節點的時間/時區不一定一直。另外防止人為插入自定義時間時間。

2. 插入記錄的時候創建預設時間，創建時間不能為空，時間一旦插入不允許日後在實體類中修改。

3. 記錄創建後更新日誌欄位為預設為 null 表示該記錄沒有被修改過。一旦數據被修改，修改日期欄位將記錄下最後的修改時間。

4. 甚至你可以通過觸發器實現一個history 表，用來記錄數據的歷史修改，詳細請參考作者另一部電子書《Netkiller Architect 手札》資料庫設計相關章節。

				
package cn.netkiller.api.domain.elasticsearch;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.validation.constraints.Null;

@Entity
@Table
public class ElasticsearchTrash {
	@Id
	private int id;

	// 創建時間
	@Column(insertable = false, updatable = false, columnDefinition = "TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP")
	private Date ctime;
	
	// 修改時間
	@Column(nullable = true, insertable = false, updatable = false, columnDefinition = "TIMESTAMP NULL DEFAULT NULL ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP")
	private Date mtime;

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public Date getCtime() {
		return ctime;
	}

	public void setCtime(Date ctime) {
		this.ctime = ctime;
	}

	public Date getMtime() {
		return mtime;
	}

	public void setMtime(Date mtime) {
		this.mtime = mtime;
	}

}

對應資料庫DDL

				
CREATE TABLE `elasticsearch_trash` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `ctime` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  `mtime` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

10.1.6.5. 最後修改時間

需求：記錄最後一次修改時間

				
package cn.netkiller.api.domain.elasticsearch;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table
public class ElasticsearchTrash {
	@Id
	private int id;

	@Column(columnDefinition = "TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP")
	private Date lastModified;

}

產生DDL語句如下

				
CREATE TABLE `elasticsearch_trash` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `last_modified` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

10.1.7. 索引

針對欄位做唯一索引

@Column(unique = true)

創建復合索引

			
package cn.netkiller.api.model;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
import javax.persistence.UniqueConstraint;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;

@Entity
@Table(name = "comment", uniqueConstraints = { @UniqueConstraint(columnNames = { "member_id", "articleId" }) })
public class Comment implements Serializable {
	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = -1484408775034277681L;
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	@Column(name = "id", unique = true, nullable = false, insertable = true, updatable = false)
	private int id;

	@ManyToOne(cascade = { CascadeType.ALL })
	@JoinColumn(name = "member_id")
	private Member member;

	private int articleId;

	private String message;

	@JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
	@Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
	@Column(updatable = false)
	@org.hibernate.annotations.CreationTimestamp
	protected Date createDate;

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public Member getMember() {
		return member;
	}

	public void setMember(Member member) {
		this.member = member;
	}

	public int getArticleId() {
		return articleId;
	}

	public void setArticleId(int articleId) {
		this.articleId = articleId;
	}

	public String getMessage() {
		return message;
	}

	public void setMessage(String message) {
		this.message = message;
	}

	public Date getCreateDate() {
		return createDate;
	}

	public void setCreateDate(Date createDate) {
		this.createDate = createDate;
	}
}

			
CREATE TABLE `comment` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `article_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `create_date` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `message` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `member_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `UK5qxfiu92nwlvgli7bl3evl11m` (`member_id`,`article_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `FKmrrrpi513ssu63i2783jyiv9m` FOREIGN KEY (`member_id`) REFERENCES `member` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

10.1.8. Enum 枚舉數據類型

10.1.8.1. 實體中處理 enum 類型

@Enumerated(value = EnumType.ORDINAL) //ORDINAL序數

在實體中處理枚舉類型適用於所有資料庫，Spring data 將枚舉視為 String 類型。

package cn.netkiller.api.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "statistics_history")
public class StatisticsHistory implements Serializable {

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	@Column(name = "id", unique = true, nullable = false, insertable = true, updatable = false)
	private long id;
	private long memberId;
	private long statisticsId;

	public enum StatisticsType {
		LIKE, COMMENT, BROWSE;
	}

	private StatisticsType type;

	public Long getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public long getMemberId() {
		return memberId;
	}

	public void setMemberId(long memberId) {
		this.memberId = memberId;
	}

	public long getStatisticsId() {
		return statisticsId;
	}

	public void setStatisticsId(long statisticsId) {
		this.statisticsId = statisticsId;
	}

	public StatisticsType getType() {
		return type;
	}

	public void setType(StatisticsType type) {
		this.type = type;
	}

}

預設 enum 類型創建資料庫等效 int(11)

				
CREATE TABLE `statistics_history` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `member_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `statistics_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `type` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
SELECT * FROM test.statistics;

@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING) 註解可以使其成功字元串類型。

	public enum StatisticsType {
		LIKE, COMMENT, BROWSE;
	}

	@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
	private StatisticsType type;

SQL

				
CREATE TABLE `statistics_history` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `member_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `statistics_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `type` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

10.1.8.2. 資料庫枚舉類型

在枚舉中處理類型雖然可以適用於所有資料庫，但有時我們希望適用資料庫的枚舉類型（例如MySQL），資料庫中得枚舉類型要比字元串效率更高

				
package cn.netkiller.api.domain.elasticsearch;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table
public class NetkillerTrash {
	@Id
	private int id;

	@Column(columnDefinition = "enum('Y','N') DEFAULT 'N'")
	private boolean status;

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public boolean isStatus() {
		return status;
	}

	public void setStatus(boolean status) {
		this.status = status;
	}

}

實際對應的資料庫DLL

				
CREATE TABLE `netkiller_trash` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `status` enum('Y','N') DEFAULT 'N',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

10.1.9. 整形數據類型

無符號整形

			
package com.example.api.domain.elasticsearch;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table
public class Member {
	@Id
	private int id;
		
	@Column(columnDefinition = "INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL")
	private int age;
	
	@Column(insertable = false, updatable = false, columnDefinition = "TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP")
	private Date ctime;

	@Column(nullable = true, insertable = false, updatable = false, columnDefinition = "TIMESTAMP NULL DEFAULT NULL ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP")
	private Date mtime;

	@Column(columnDefinition = "enum('Y','N') DEFAULT 'N'")
	private boolean status;
}

			
CREATE TABLE `member` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `age` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,
  `ctime` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  `mtime` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  `status` enum('Y','N') DEFAULT 'N',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

10.1.10. @JoinColumn

@JoinColumn與@Column註釋類似，它的定義如下代碼所示。

			
@Target({METHOD, FIELD}) @Retention(RUNTIME) 

public @interface JoinColumn { 

String name() default ""; 

String referencedColumnName() default ""; 

boolean unique() default false; 

boolean nullable() default true; 

boolean insertable() default true; 

boolean updatable() default true; 

String columnDefinition() default ""; 

String table() default ""; 

}

10.1.11. @OneToOne

一對一表結構，如下面ER圖所示，users表是用戶表裡面有登陸信息，profile 保存的時死人信息，這樣的目的是我們儘量減少users表的欄位，在頻繁操作該表的時候性能比較好，另外一個目的是為了橫向水平擴展。

			
    +----------+             +------------+
    | users    |             | profile    |
    +----------+             +------------+
    | id       | <---1:1---o | id         |
    | name     |             | sex        |    
    | password |             | email      |    
    +----------+             +------------+

			
package cn.netkiller.api.domain.test;

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "users")
public class Users implements Serializable {
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private String password;

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}

	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Users [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", password=" + password + "]";
	}
}

			
package cn.netkiller.api.domain.test;

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "profile")
public class Profile implements Serializable {
	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = -2500499458196257167L;
	@Id
	@OneToOne
	@JoinColumn(name = "id")
	private Users users;

	private int age;
	private String sex;
	private String email;

	public Users getUsers() {
		return users;
	}

	public void setUsers(Users users) {
		this.users = users;
	}

	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}

	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}

	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}

	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Profile [users=" + users + ", age=" + age + ", sex=" + sex + ", email=" + email + "]";
	}

}

			
CREATE TABLE `users` (
	`id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
	`name` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	`password` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)
COLLATE='utf8_general_ci'
ENGINE=InnoDB;
			
CREATE TABLE `profile` (
	`age` INT(11) NOT NULL,
	`email` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	`sex` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	`id` INT(11) NOT NULL,
	PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
	CONSTRAINT `FK6x079ilawxjrfsljwyyi5ujjq` FOREIGN KEY (`id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`)
)
COLLATE='utf8_general_ci'
ENGINE=InnoDB;

如果第二張表關聯的並非主表的PK（主鍵）需要使用 referencedColumnName 指定。

			
@JoinColumn(name = "member_id",referencedColumnName="member_id")

10.1.12. OneToMany 一對多

我們要實現一個一對多實體關係，ER 圖如下

			
    +----------+          +------------+
    | Classes  |          | Student    |
    +----------+          +------------+
    | id       | <---+    | id         |
    | name     |     |    | name       |    
    +----------+     +--o | classes_id |    
                          +------------+

classes 表需要 OneToMany 註解，Student 表需要 ManyToOne 註解，這樣就建立起了表與表之間的關係

			
package cn.netkiller.api.domain.test;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity 
@Table(name="classes") 
public class Classes implements Serializable{
	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = -5422905745519948312L;
	@Id 
	@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO) 
	private int id; 
	private String name; 
	    
	@OneToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL,mappedBy="classes")    
	private Set<Student> students;

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Set<Student> getStudents() {
		return students;
	}

	public void setStudents(Set<Student> students) {
		this.students = students;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "classes [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", students=" + students + "]";
	} 
}

			
package cn.netkiller.api.domain.test;

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "student")
public class Student implements Serializable{
	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 6737037465677800326L;
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
	private int id;
	private String name;

	// 若有多個cascade，可以是：{CascadeType.PERSIST,CascadeType.MERGE}
	@ManyToOne(cascade = { CascadeType.ALL })
	@JoinColumn(name = "classes_id") 
	private Classes classes;

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Classes getClasses() {
		return classes;
	}

	public void setClasses(Classes classes) {
		this.classes = classes;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", classes=" + classes + "]";
	}

}

最終 SQL 表如下

			
CREATE TABLE `classes` (
	`id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
	`name` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)
COLLATE='utf8_general_ci'
ENGINE=InnoDB;	
			
CREATE TABLE `student` (
	`id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
	`name` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	`class_id` INT(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
	INDEX `FKnsl7w2nw6o6eq53hqlxfcijpm` (`class_id`),
	CONSTRAINT `FKnsl7w2nw6o6eq53hqlxfcijpm` FOREIGN KEY (`class_id`) REFERENCES `classes` (`id`)
)
COLLATE='utf8_general_ci'
ENGINE=InnoDB;

			
      Classes classes=new Classes(); 
      classes.setName("One"); 
        
      Student st1=new Student(); 
      st1.setSname("jason"); 
      st1.setClasses(classes); 
      studentRepostitory.save(st1); 
        
      Student st2=new Student(); 
      st2.setSname("neo"); 
      st2.setClasses(classes); 
      studentRepostitory.save(st2);

10.1.13. ManyToMany 多對多

用戶與角色就是一個多對多的關係，多對多是需要中間表做關聯的。所以我方需要一個 user_has_role 表。

			
    +----------+          +---------------+            +--------+
    | users    |          | user_has_role |            | role   |
    +----------+          +---------------+            +--------+
    | id       | <------o | user_id       |      /---> | id     |
    | name     |          | role_id       | o---+      | name   |
    | password |          |               |            |        |
    +----------+          +---------------+            +--------+

創建 User 表

			
package cn.netkiller.api.domain.test;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinTable;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;

@Entity
@Table(name = "users")
public class Users implements Serializable {
	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = -2480194112597046349L;
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private String password;

	@ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
	@JoinTable(name = "user_has_role", joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "user_id", referencedColumnName = "id") }, inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "role_id", referencedColumnName = "id") })
	private Set<Roles> roles;

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}

	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}

	public Set<Roles> getRoles() {
		return roles;
	}

	public void setRoles(Set<Roles> roles) {
		this.roles = roles;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Users [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", password=" + password + ", roles=" + roles + "]";
	}

}

創建 Role 表

			
package cn.netkiller.api.domain.test;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "roles")
public class Roles implements Serializable {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 6737037465677800326L;
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
	private int id;
	private String name;
	@ManyToMany(mappedBy = "roles")
	private Set<Users> users;

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Set<Users> getUsers() {
		return users;
	}

	public void setUsers(Set<Users> users) {
		this.users = users;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Roles [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", users=" + users + "]";
	}

}

最終產生資料庫表如下

			
CREATE TABLE `users` (
	`id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
	`name` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	`password` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)
COLLATE='utf8_general_ci'
ENGINE=InnoDB;	

CREATE TABLE `roles` (
	`id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
	`name` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)
COLLATE='utf8_general_ci'
ENGINE=InnoDB;
			
CREATE TABLE `user_has_role` (
	`user_id` INT(11) NOT NULL,
	`role_id` INT(11) NOT NULL,
	PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`, `role_id`),
	INDEX `FKsvvq61v3koh04fycopbjx72hj` (`role_id`),
	CONSTRAINT `FK2dl1ftxlkldulcp934i3125qo` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`),
	CONSTRAINT `FKsvvq61v3koh04fycopbjx72hj` FOREIGN KEY (`role_id`) REFERENCES `roles` (`id`)
)
COLLATE='utf8_general_ci'
ENGINE=InnoDB;

10.1.14. 外鍵級聯刪除

orphanRemoval = true 可以實現數據級聯刪除

			
package cn.netkiller.api.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Table;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;

@Entity
@Table(name = "member")
public class Member implements Serializable {
	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	@Column(name = "id", unique = true, nullable = false, insertable = true, updatable = false)
	private int id;

	private String name;
	private String sex;
	private int age;
	private String wechat;

	@Column(unique = true)
	private String mobile;
	private String picture;
	private String ipAddress;

	@JsonIgnore
	@OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, orphanRemoval = true, mappedBy = "member")
	private Set<Comment> comment;
	@JsonIgnore
	@OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, orphanRemoval = true, mappedBy = "member")
	private Set<StatisticsHistory> statisticsHistory;

	public Member() {
	}

	public Member(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}

	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}

	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	public String getWechat() {
		return wechat;
	}

	public void setWechat(String wechat) {
		this.wechat = wechat;
	}

	public String getMobile() {
		return mobile;
	}

	public void setMobile(String mobile) {
		this.mobile = mobile;
	}

	public String getPicture() {
		return picture;
	}

	public void setPicture(String picture) {
		this.picture = picture;
	}

	public String getIpAddress() {
		return ipAddress;
	}

	public void setIpAddress(String ipAddress) {
		this.ipAddress = ipAddress;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Member [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", sex=" + sex + ", age=" + age + ", wechat=" + wechat + ", mobile=" + mobile + ", picture=" + picture + ", ipAddress=" + ipAddress + "]";
	}

}

10.1.15. 其他

10.1.15.1. Cascade

CascadeType.PERSIST （級聯新建） 
CascadeType.REMOVE  （級聯刪除） 
CascadeType.REFRESH （級聯刷新） 
CascadeType.MERGE   （級聯更新）中選擇一個或多個。 
CascadeType.ALL

10.1.15.2. @JsonIgnore

當屍體返回 Json 資料結構是，將不包含 @JsonIgnore 定義變數。

				
	@JsonIgnore  
    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "owner")  
    private List<Pet> pets;

上一頁	上一級	下一頁
9.4. mongoTemplate	起始頁	10.2. 實體整合