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Maildir format Web-mail email client
mailboxes
/-----------\ /----------\ *********** /---------\ /----------\
| | | | * Inbox * | | | |
| | ====> | Maildrop | ===> * * <======> | Courier | | Postman |
<=== | Postfix | | | =\ *********** | IMAPD | | with | /---------\
===> | MTA | \----------/ | | | IMAP | Apache | | |
SMTP | | | |====> ************ | | <---> | | <-----> | User's |
to & | (Message | filtering | * YYY * | | | | HTTP | web |
from | Transfer | rules in \=>************ * <==> | | | | or | browser |
other | Agent) | .mailfilter * XXX * *** | | IMAP | SMTP | HTTPS | |
MTAs | | <--\ *** * * <======> | | <-\ | Out | | |
\-----------/ \ ************ \---------/ \ \----------/ | |
\ \ V \---------/
\---<----------------------------------------<---------------/
SMTP outgoing mail \
\ /------------------------\
\ \-> | |
\ | IMAP capable Email |
\ | client |
\ | |
\-----------<--------- |< SMTP outgoing mail |
| |
\------------------------/
|
作者:love100 出處:chinunix.net Mail版
maildrop是一個替代郵件代理並且包含郵件過濾的語言，系統管理員用 這個maildrop即可以取代已經存在的郵件投遞代理，或者用戶可以用已 經存在的郵件投遞代理的'forward to program'機制來取代來運行maildrop. maildrop首先從標準輸入讀取E-mail信息,其後面所帶的回車符號將自動 被刪除，一個E-mail信息包含header lines 後面跟着一個空行，然後跟 着信息的內容，信息的內容也可能在第一個header lines 之前包含mbox-style From_ line,如果信息內容沒有包含From_line,那 麼maildrop將自動創建一個. 如果檔案/etc/maildroprc存在，郵件投遞或郵件過濾將從/etc/maildro prc中讀出。maildrop的投遞/過濾指令可能把信息保存在一個特殊的mai lbox,或者丟棄它，或者返回給發送者，或者轉發到不同的郵件地址。 如果檔案/etc/maildroprc不存在，或者郵件投遞或郵件過濾沒有完全的 處理信息，這時maildrop將從$HOME/.mailfilter讀取規則，如果.mailf ilter不存在，或者郵件投遞或郵件過濾沒有完全的處理信息,maildrop 將保存E-mail信息到預設的mailbox裡。 maildrop知道怎樣投遞到一個標準的mailbox檔案，也知道怎樣投遞到一 個maildirs,maildir格式的目錄在Courier和qmail中使用，還有一些郵 件伺服器也知道如何去讀maildirs。當投遞mailbox檔案時，maildrop將 鎖定mailbox,直到投遞結束。 maildrop讀取信息的規則為：在From_header之前致少一空行，maildrop 在讀取規則時將忽略此空行,因此maildrop要求規則中至少有一個空行。 通常郵件投遞模式分為三種（maildrop依賴投遞模式的不同也有小小的 差異）： 1.手動模式. 一個檔案包含過濾指令 例：maildrop -filename(保存過濾指信令的文 件),首先maildrop讀取/etc/maildroprc檔案裡面的指令，然後從filena me讀取過濾指令.如果filename裡面沒有轉發，回覆，刪除或到一個特殊 的maildox,那麼它將投遞到系統用戶的mailbox中. 2投遞模式. maildrop如果沒有指定 -filename時，maildrop將在投遞模式運行，maildrop將改變當前目錄到用戶的的主目錄，這時讀取/etc/maildroprc,再讀取 $HOME/.mailfilter 3 嵌入模式 主要用於Courier上，在此不做闡述. 安全 maildrop在setuid位下安裝是安全的。Courier為了讓maildrop在嵌入模式下使用因此它的setuid位是預設的。如果root運行maildrop 則-d這個選項會被用來指定這個信息的接受者，maildrop立馬會重制用戶的ID,讀取$HOME/.mailfilter檔案，並將信息投遞到指定的用戶。 系統管理員能通過配置來限制maildrop -d 這個選項是否給每個用戶來使用（郵件系統用戶本伸除外） maildrop的（簡單）用法： -A "Header:value" 增加一個附加的頭部信息。 -d user 在投遞模式設置用戶的ID -f address 設置變數"FROM"為一個地址 -m 在嵌入模式下運行 -M filterfile 在一個特殊的嵌入模式運行 cc dotlock flock log logfile to xfilter 都不能運行在嵌入模式下 （待續） |
安裝
[root@linuxas3 maildrop-1.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/courier \ --enable-sendmail=/usr/sbin/sendmail \ --enable-maildropmysql --with-mysqlconfig=/etc/postfix/mysql_maildrop.conf \ --enable-maildirquota --with-trashquota --with-dirsync \ --enable-trusted-users='root maildrop' \ --enable-maildrop-uid=1000 \ --enable-maildrop-gid=1000 [root@linuxas3 maildrop-1.6.3]# make [root@linuxas3 maildrop-1.6.3]# make install (as root) |
配置 mysql_maildrop.conf
[root@linuxas3 maildrop-1.6.3]# cp maildropmysql.config /etc/postfix/mysql_maildrop.conf [root@linuxas3 maildrop-1.6.3]# cd /etc/postfix/ [root@linuxas3 postfix]# vi mysql_maildrop.conf hostname localhost port 3306 socket /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock database postfix dbuser postfix dbpw xxxxx dbtable postfix_users default_uidnumber 1000 default_gidnumner 1000 uid_field user uidnumber_field uid gidnumber_field gid maildir_field maildir homedirectory_field home quota_field quota mailstatus_field status where_clause "" |
Example 1. mysql_maildrop.conf
[root@linuxas3 postfix]# cat mysql_maildrop.conf # The attributes are: # # mail - The full email address of the user (ie user@yourdomain.com) # This is the primary attribute searched upon by maildrop. # # maildir - The location (full path including name) of the users # mail directory (Maildir) # # homedirectory - The location (full path including name) of the # users home directory. This may be the same as the # users maildir. # # uidnumber - The uid of the user that owns the mail files for # this user. This may be a specific uid per user, # or a single uid for every user (full 'virtual' user # configuration), or a combination. # # gidnumber - The gid of the user that owns the mail files for # this user. This may be a specific gid per user, # or a single gid for every user (full 'virtual' user # configuration), or a combination. # # quota - *OPTIONAL* The quota for this user. If blank, or # non-existent defaults to no quota. # mailstatus - account status # # A sample LDAP entry is given at the end of this file. # # --- Actual configuration begins here ----------------------------- # hostname - host name of your ldap server hostname localhost port 3306 socket /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock database postfix dbuser postfix dbpw 6AJx9Nqv9x8hg dbtable postfix_users #not used now #timeout 5 # default_uid - default uid (number only) to use incase uidnumber attribute not # found in users mysql entry default_uidnumber 1000 # default_gid - default gid (number only) to use incase gidnumber attribute not # found in users ldap entry default_gidnumber 1000 # MySQL Field definitions # # This section allows you to specify the actual attributes you # use in your Mysql record # # The example attribute mapping shown below is also the default # mapping used by maildrop in the case that any are missing # UID_FIELD - MySQL attribute which contains the users name (w or w/o domain) uid_field user # UIDNUMBER_FIELD - MySQL attribute which contains the system uid to deliver # mail as uidnumber_field uid # GIDNUMBER_FIELD - MySQL attribute which contains the system gid to deliver # mail as gidnumber_field gid # MAILDIR_FIELD - MySQL attribute which contains the path to the users # custom maildir maildir_field maildir # HOMEDIRECTORY_FIELD - MySQL attribute which contains the path to the users # home directory homedirectory_field home # QUOTA_FIELD - MySQL attribute which contains the users quota quota_field quota # MYSQL_DEFAULT_STATUS_FIELD - MySQL attribute which could be created in the # MySQL entry to set whether or not the user is allowed to receive email on # this box.. # -- looks unused for now; but must be valid column ! (2001-11-03) mailstatus_field status # MYSQL_DEFAULT_WHERE_CLAUSE - This is optional ! # It can be set to any fixed string starting with keyword 'AND'. # It will then be appended to the WHERE clause of our query. where_clause "" [root@linuxas3 postfix]# |
配置 master.cf
[root@linuxas3 postfix]# vi master.cf
maildrop unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/local/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
|
改為
maildrop unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=postfix argv=/usr/local/courier/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
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