6. Proxy
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6. Proxy

# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  4;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  40960;
        use epoll;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    access_log  /dev/null;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

upstream backend{
#        server 172.16.0.6:80;
        server 10.0.0.68:80;
        server 10.0.0.69:80;
}


    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

#        location / {
#            root   html;
#            index  index.html index.htm;
#        }

    access_log  /dev/null;
    error_log   /dev/null;


    location / {
#        proxy_pass $scheme://$host$request_uri;
#        proxy_set_header Host $http_host;

#        proxy_buffers 256 4k;
#        proxy_max_temp_file_size 0;

#        proxy_connect_timeout 30;

#        proxy_cache_valid 200 302 10m;
#        proxy_cache_valid 301 1h;
#        proxy_cache_valid any 1m;



         proxy_pass      http://backend;

         proxy_redirect          off;
         proxy_set_header        Host $host;
#         proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
#         proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
         client_max_body_size    10m;
         client_body_buffer_size 128k;
         proxy_connect_timeout   30;
         proxy_send_timeout      30;
         proxy_read_timeout      30;
         proxy_buffer_size       4k;
         proxy_buffers           256 4k;
         proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
         proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
        tcp_nodelay on;
    }


        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }

}

6.1. request_filename + proxy_pass

如果檔案不存在，那麼去指定的節點上尋找

   location / {
        root  /www;
        proxy_intercept_errors  on;
        if (!-f $request_filename) {
          proxy_pass http://172.16.1.1;
          break;
        }
    }
	location / {
        root  /www/images;
        proxy_intercept_errors  on;
        if (!-f $request_filename) {
          proxy_pass http://172.16.1.2;
          break;
        }
    }

6.2. proxy_cache

http {
  proxy_cache_path  /var/www/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=my-cache:8m max_size=1000m inactive=600m;
  proxy_temp_path /var/www/cache/tmp;


  server {
    location / {
      proxy_pass http://example.net;
      proxy_cache mycache;
      proxy_cache_valid  200 302  60m;
      proxy_cache_valid  404      1m;
    }
  }
}
			
location / {
  proxy_pass http://localhost;
  proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
  proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
  proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
  proxy_ignore_headers Set-Cookie;
  proxy_ignore_headers Cache-Control;
  proxy_cache_bypass        $http_secret_header;
  add_header X-Cache-Status $upstream_cache_status;
}

6.3. proxy_cache

server {
          listen       80;
          server_name  example.org;
          root   /var/www;
          index  index.html index.php;

	location ~* .+.(ico|jpg|gif|jpeg|css|js|flv|png|swf)$ {
           	expires max;
	}

	location / {
		proxy_pass       http://backend;
		proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
		proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
		proxy_cache cache;
		proxy_cache_key $host$request_uri;
		proxy_cache_valid 200 304 12h;
		proxy_cache_valid 302 301 12h;
		proxy_cache_valid any 1m;
		proxy_ignore_headers Cache-Control Expires;
		proxy_pass_header Set-Cookie;
	}

}

6.4. expires

location / {
    root /var/www;
    proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header  X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
    proxy_redirect false;

    if ($request_uri ~* "\.(ico|css|js|gif|jpe?g|png)\?[0-9]+$") {
        expires max;
        break;
    }
    if (-f $request_filename) {
        break;
    }
    if (-f $request_filename/index.html) {
        rewrite (.*) $1/index.html break;
    }
    if (-f $request_filename.html) {
        rewrite (.*) $1.html break;
    }

    proxy_pass http://backend;
}

6.5. FAQ

nginx: [emerg] "proxy_pass" cannot have URI part in location given by regular expression, or inside named location, or inside "if" statement, or inside "limit_except" block in /etc/nginx/conf.d/www.mydomain.com.conf:25
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed

在location,if中使用證則匹配proxy_pass末尾不能寫/

	if ($request_uri ~* "^/info/{cn|tw}/{news|info}/\d\.html") {
		proxy_pass http://info.example.com/;
		break;
	}

    location ~ ^/info/ {
                proxy_pass http://info.example.com/;
                break;
    }

proxy_pass http://info.example.com/; 改為 proxy_pass http://info.example.com; 可以解決

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