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為何使用表格排版是不明智的選擇?為什麼要選擇DIV+CSS?
首選我來說說表格排版,表格排版也是有好處的,一是排版速度快,二是兼容性比CSS好。做為一般的小網站還是比較適合的,如果在大型網站使用表格就不太合適。 表格必須定義很多屬性如width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0",並且有時候tr標籤顯得多餘。
例 13.1. 表格排版範例
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>Table Example</title> </head> <body> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td>Logo</td> <td>Banner</td> </tr> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td>Home</td> <td>News</td> <td>Contact</td> <td>About</td> </tr> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td>Top 10 </td> </tr> <tr> <td>xxxxxxxx</td> </tr> <tr> <td>xxxxxxxx</td> </tr> <tr> <td>xxxxxxxx</td> </tr> <tr> <td>xxxxxxxx</td> </tr> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td>Link </td> </tr> <tr> <td>xxxxxxxx</td> </tr> <tr> <td>xxxxxxxx</td> </tr> <tr> <td>xxxxxxxx</td> </tr> <tr> <td>xxxxxxxx</td> </tr> </table></td> <td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td align="center">Article Title </td> </tr> <tr> <td><p>Contect</p> <p>XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX</p> <p>XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX</p> <p>XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX</p> <p>XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Feedback</td> </tr> </table></td> </tr> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td align="center">Copyright XXXX </td> </tr> </table> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> </body> </html>
你可以對比上面看看div+css是如何規劃版面,並且css很多定義是可以重用的。
例 13.2. XHTML+DIV+CSS排版範例
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>hello world</title> <style type="text/css"> <!-- body{ width: 795px; } div1{ border-color: #119EBA; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; margin: 5px; } #header{ } #logo, #banner{ float:left; height: 75px; } #nav{ clear:both; } #nav ul { list-style-type:none; margin: 0px; padding:0px; } #nav ul li{ float:left; width: 100px; } #main{ clear:both;} #main #left { float:left; width: 30%; } #main #right { float:right; width: 70%; } .box{} .box h2 { margin: 0; padding: 0px; } .box a { display:block;} #footer{ clear:both} #footer #copyright { text-align:center; } .article { border-color: black; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; margin: 5px; padding: 10px; } .article .article_title{ font-size: 24px; font-weight:bold; text-align:center; } .article .article_content{ font-size:10px;} --> </style> </head> <body> <div id="header"> <div id="logo"> Logo </div> <div id="banner"> Banner </div> </div> <div id="nav"> <ul> <li><a href="#"> Home </a></li> <li><a href="#"> News </a></li> <li><a href="#"> Person </a></li> <li><a href="#"> Group </a></li> <li><a href="#"> Network </a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="main"> <div id="left"> <div class="box"> <h2>title</h2> <a href="#"> link </a> <a href="#"> link </a> <a href="#"> link </a> </div> <div class="box"> <h2>title</h2> <a href="#"> link </a> <a href="#"> link </a> <a href="#"> link </a> </div> </div> <div id="right"> <div class="article"> <div class="article_title"> Article Title </div> <div class="article_content"> <p>XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX</p> <p>XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX</p> <p>XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX</p> <p>XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="footer"> <div id="copyright"> Copyright Neo Chan</div> </div> </body> </html>
上面例子我們可以看到div與table相比所使用的標籤更少,無形中給網站減了肥。
CSS 的class,id 名稱定義規範:
一定要簡單,可讀例如header,footer
對於在頁面中不重複,自始至終只出現一次可定義為id,例如id="header",id="footer"
對於在頁面中經常重複出現的,可定義為class,例如id="article_block",id="news_block"
不要使用HTML屬性,儘量使用css。 herf,src,class,id等屬性除外。
下面是一個例子
<font color="red" size="12" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" >Hello workd</font>
你應該使用CSS實現,如果能使用CSS實現儘量不要多用一條HTML和屬性。
<style type="text/css"> .hello{ color:red; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } </style> <div id="hello">Hello workd</font>