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Sharding是近幾年提出的概念，可以做分表，分庫切割，通過hash值定位。但都存在一個問題，數據連續性，索引無法跨表。
Oracle 在8.x中就支持分區功能，MySQL在5.1.x中也是閒類似功能，PostgreSQL 因存儲結構設計的較好，基本不需要做分區。
ALTER TABLE `goods` DROP INDEX `goods_sn_2`;
ALTER TABLE goods PARTITION BY RANGE (goods_id) (
PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (10000),
PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (20000),
PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (30000),
PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (40000),
PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE
);
ALTER TABLE goods PARTITION BY HASH(goods_id) PARTITIONS 10;
ALTER TABLE goods PARTITION BY KEY (is_on_sale) PARTITIONS 2;
ALTER TABLE goods PARTITION BY HASH(YEAR(FROM_UNIXTIME(add_time))) PARTITIONS 4;