怎樣製作RPM包
http://netkiller.github.io/journal/rpm.html
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摘要
我在網上找RPM包的製作例子几乎都是C源碼編譯安裝然後生成RPM包， 而我的程序不是C寫的很多時候是腳本語言如Python, PHP 甚至是 HTML檔案。怎樣製作RPM包呢?
1. 為HTML手冊文檔製作RPM包
下面是一個spec檔案
保存為 doc.spec
Summary: Netkiller's eBook
Name: netkiller
Version: 1.0.1
Release: 1
License: CC
Group: Books/Computer books
Packager: Neo Chen <netkiller@msn.com>
URL: http://netkiller.github.io
%description
http://netkiller.github.io
http://netkiller.sourceforge.net
- Network: Firewall, Router, Switch, Cisco, H3C, Juniper,F5 Big-IP, Array
- Security: OpenVPN, L2TP, PPTP, IPSec IP Tunnel
- Cluster: SmartDNS, LVS, HAproxy, Keepalived, Heartbeat, MooseFS, GlusterFS
- Web: Apache, Lighttpd, Nginx, Tomcat, Resin
- Database: PostgreSQL, MySQL Cluster, MySQL Replication, Cassandra, MongoDB
- Cache: APC Cache, XCache, Memcached, Squid, Varnish
- Frameworks: PHP(CodeIgniter, Prado, Mach II, Qcodo, Smarty)
- Python(Django, Pylons) Perl(Catalyst)
- Search Engine: Solr, Sphinx, Crawler: Nutch
- DIV-CSS, JQuery, Prototype, Google Map API
- Virtualization: Xen, Kvm, OpenVZ
%prep
%build
mkdir -p %{_buildrootdir}/%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.x86_64/usr/share/doc/
%install
rsync -auzv ~/workspace/public_html/mail/* %{_buildrootdir}/%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.x86_64/usr/share/doc/netkiller
%pre
%preun
%post
%postun
%files
/usr/share/doc
%changelog
創建RPM包
$ rpmbuild -bb doc.spec
輸出信息類似下面
$ rpmbuild -bb doc.spec Executing(%prep): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.X07xhN + umask 022 + cd /home/neo/rpmbuild/BUILD + exit 0 Executing(%build): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.ANzKAA + umask 022 + cd /home/neo/rpmbuild/BUILD + mkdir -p /home/neo/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64 + mkdir -p /home/neo/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64/usr/share/doc/ + exit 0 Executing(%install): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.VQkPUn + umask 022 + cd /home/neo/rpmbuild/BUILD + rsync -auzv /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/21cn.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/alpine.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/author.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/constituent.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/docbook.css /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/donations.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/evolution.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/exim4 /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/faq.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/fetchmail.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/format.content.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/format.to.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/gpg4win.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/ibook.epub /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/index.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/mail.client.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/mail.format.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/mail.server.exim4.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/mail.server.postfix.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/mail.service.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/mail.tools.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/mua.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/outlook.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/php.mail.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/postfix /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/preface.download.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/preface.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/qq.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/reader.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/smtp.error.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/sohu.html /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail/tom.html /home/neo/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64/usr/share/doc/netkiller sending incremental file list created directory /home/neo/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64/usr/share/doc/netkiller 21cn.html alpine.html author.html constituent.html docbook.css donations.html evolution.html faq.html fetchmail.html format.content.html format.to.html gpg4win.html ibook.epub index.html mail.client.html mail.format.html mail.server.exim4.html mail.server.postfix.html mail.service.html mail.tools.html mua.html outlook.html php.mail.html preface.download.html preface.html qq.html reader.html smtp.error.html sohu.html tom.html exim4/ exim4/faq.html exim4/index.html postfix/ postfix/configure.html postfix/index.html postfix/rspamd.html sent 127853 bytes received 685 bytes 257076.00 bytes/sec total size is 280313 speedup is 2.18 + /usr/lib/rpm/brp-compress + /usr/lib/rpm/brp-strip /usr/bin/strip + /usr/lib/rpm/brp-strip-static-archive /usr/bin/strip + /usr/lib/rpm/brp-strip-comment-note /usr/bin/strip /usr/bin/objdump Processing files: netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64 unknown, 0: Warning: using regular magic file `/etc/magic' Provides: netkiller = 1.0.1-1 netkiller(x86-64) = 1.0.1-1 Requires(interp): /bin/sh /bin/sh /bin/sh /bin/sh Requires(rpmlib): rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1 rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1 Requires(pre): /bin/sh Requires(post): /bin/sh Requires(preun): /bin/sh Requires(postun): /bin/sh Checking for unpackaged file(s): /usr/lib/rpm/check-files /home/neo/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64 Wrote: /home/neo/rpmbuild/SRPMS/netkiller-1.0.1-1.src.rpm Wrote: /home/neo/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64.rpm Executing(%clean): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.w9Y3wO + umask 022 + cd /home/neo/rpmbuild/BUILD + /bin/rm -rf /home/neo/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64 + exit 0
現在RPM已經製作完畢。
輸出 RPM 詳細信息。
$ rpm -qpi /home/neo/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64.rpm Name : netkiller Version : 1.0.1 Release : 1 Architecture: x86_64 Install Date: (not installed) Group : Books/Computer books Size : 280313 License : CC Signature : (none) Source RPM : netkiller-1.0.1-1.src.rpm Build Date : Thu 18 Apr 2013 04:51:07 PM CST Build Host : ubuntu Relocations : (not relocatable) Packager : Neo Chen <netkiller@msn.com> URL : http://netkiller.github.io Summary : Netkiller's eBook Description : http://netkiller.github.io http://netkiller.sourceforge.net - Network: Firewall, Router, Switch, Cisco, H3C, Juniper,F5 Big-IP, Array - Security: OpenVPN, L2TP, PPTP, IPSec IP Tunnel - Cluster: SmartDNS, LVS, HAproxy, Keepalived, Heartbeat, MooseFS, GlusterFS - Web: Apache, Lighttpd, Nginx, Tomcat, Resin - Database: PostgreSQL, MySQL Cluster, MySQL Replication, Cassandra, MongoDB - Cache: APC Cache, XCache, Memcached, Squid, Varnish - Frameworks: PHP(CodeIgniter, Prado, Mach II, Qcodo, Smarty) - Python(Django, Pylons) Perl(Catalyst) - Search Engine: Solr, Sphinx, Crawler: Nutch - DIV-CSS, JQuery, Prototype, Google Map API - Virtualization: Xen, Kvm, OpenVZ
查看RPM所包含的檔案
$ rpm -qpl /home/neo/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/* /usr/share/doc /usr/share/doc/netkiller /usr/share/doc/netkiller/21cn.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/alpine.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/author.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/constituent.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/docbook.css /usr/share/doc/netkiller/donations.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/evolution.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/exim4 /usr/share/doc/netkiller/exim4/faq.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/exim4/index.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/faq.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/fetchmail.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/format.content.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/format.to.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/gpg4win.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/ibook.epub /usr/share/doc/netkiller/index.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/mail.client.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/mail.format.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/mail.server.exim4.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/mail.server.postfix.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/mail.service.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/mail.tools.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/mua.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/outlook.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/php.mail.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/postfix /usr/share/doc/netkiller/postfix/configure.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/postfix/index.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/postfix/rspamd.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/preface.download.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/preface.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/qq.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/reader.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/smtp.error.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/sohu.html /usr/share/doc/netkiller/tom.html
提示
只要將你要打包的內容放入 %{_buildrootdir}/%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.x86_64/usr/share/doc/netkiller 即可
這種方式不需要tar.gz包，故不能生成.src.rpm檔案，即便升級裡面也沒有內容
2. 通過 .tar.gz 檔案創建 rpm 與 src.rpm 包
準備tar包
rsync -auzv --exclude=.git --exclude=.svn /home/neo/workspace/public_html/mail /tmp/netkiller-1.0.1 cd /tmp tar -zcvf $topdir/SOURCES/netkiller-1.0.1.tar.gz netkiller-1.0.1 cd -
package.spec
Summary: Netkiller's eBook
Name: netkiller
Version: 1.0.1
Release: 1
License: CC
Group: Books/Computer books
Packager: Neo Chen <netkiller@msn.com>
Source: %{name}-%{version}.tar.gz
URL: http://netkiller.github.io
%description
http://netkiller.github.io
http://netkiller.sourceforge.net
- Network: Firewall, Router, Switch, Cisco, H3C, Juniper,F5 Big-IP, Array
- Security: OpenVPN, L2TP, PPTP, IPSec IP Tunnel
- Cluster: SmartDNS, LVS, HAproxy, Keepalived, Heartbeat, MooseFS, GlusterFS
- Web: Apache, Lighttpd, Nginx, Tomcat, Resin
- Database: PostgreSQL, MySQL Cluster, MySQL Replication, Cassandra, MongoDB
- Cache: APC Cache, XCache, Memcached, Squid, Varnish
- Frameworks: PHP(CodeIgniter, Prado, Mach II, Qcodo, Smarty)
- Python(Django, Pylons) Perl(Catalyst)
- Search Engine: Solr, Sphinx, Crawler: Nutch
- DIV-CSS, JQuery, Prototype, Google Map API
- Virtualization: Xen, Kvm, OpenVZ
%prep
%setup
%build
mkdir -p %{_buildrootdir}/%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.x86_64/usr/share/doc/netkiller
%install
rsync -auzv %{_builddir}/%{name}-%{version}/* %{_buildrootdir}/%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.x86_64/usr/share/doc/netkiller
%pre
%preun
%post
%postun
%files
/usr/share/doc
%changelog
創建RPM包
rpmbuild -bb package.spec
這裡使用-bb參數，即可以創建 .rpm 與 .src.rpm 兩個包
$ find /home/neo/rpmbuild/ -name *.rpm /home/neo/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64.rpm /home/neo/rpmbuild/SRPMS/netkiller-1.0.1-1.src.rpm
$ rpm -qpi /home/neo/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/netkiller-1.0.1-1.x86_64.rpm Name : netkiller Version : 1.0.1 Release : 1 Architecture: x86_64 Install Date: (not installed) Group : Books/Computer books Size : 280313 License : CC Signature : (none) Source RPM : netkiller-1.0.1-1.src.rpm Build Date : Thu 18 Apr 2013 05:02:30 PM CST Build Host : ubuntu Relocations : (not relocatable) Packager : Neo Chen <netkiller@msn.com> URL : http://netkiller.github.io Summary : Netkiller's eBook Description : http://netkiller.github.io http://netkiller.sourceforge.net - Network: Firewall, Router, Switch, Cisco, H3C, Juniper,F5 Big-IP, Array - Security: OpenVPN, L2TP, PPTP, IPSec IP Tunnel - Cluster: SmartDNS, LVS, HAproxy, Keepalived, Heartbeat, MooseFS, GlusterFS - Web: Apache, Lighttpd, Nginx, Tomcat, Resin - Database: PostgreSQL, MySQL Cluster, MySQL Replication, Cassandra, MongoDB - Cache: APC Cache, XCache, Memcached, Squid, Varnish - Frameworks: PHP(CodeIgniter, Prado, Mach II, Qcodo, Smarty) - Python(Django, Pylons) Perl(Catalyst) - Search Engine: Solr, Sphinx, Crawler: Nutch - DIV-CSS, JQuery, Prototype, Google Map API - Virtualization: Xen, Kvm, OpenVZ
$ rpm -qpi /home/neo/rpmbuild/SRPMS/netkiller-1.0.1-1.src.rpm Name : netkiller Version : 1.0.1 Release : 1 Architecture: x86_64 Install Date: (not installed) Group : Books/Computer books Size : 71292 License : CC Signature : (none) Source RPM : (none) Build Date : Thu 18 Apr 2013 05:02:30 PM CST Build Host : ubuntu Relocations : (not relocatable) Packager : Neo Chen <netkiller@msn.com> URL : http://netkiller.github.io Summary : Netkiller's eBook Description : http://netkiller.github.io http://netkiller.sourceforge.net - Network: Firewall, Router, Switch, Cisco, H3C, Juniper,F5 Big-IP, Array - Security: OpenVPN, L2TP, PPTP, IPSec IP Tunnel - Cluster: SmartDNS, LVS, HAproxy, Keepalived, Heartbeat, MooseFS, GlusterFS - Web: Apache, Lighttpd, Nginx, Tomcat, Resin - Database: PostgreSQL, MySQL Cluster, MySQL Replication, Cassandra, MongoDB - Cache: APC Cache, XCache, Memcached, Squid, Varnish - Frameworks: PHP(CodeIgniter, Prado, Mach II, Qcodo, Smarty) - Python(Django, Pylons) Perl(Catalyst) - Search Engine: Solr, Sphinx, Crawler: Nutch - DIV-CSS, JQuery, Prototype, Google Map API - Virtualization: Xen, Kvm, OpenVZ
3. 如果你認為上面方法仍然複雜，可以嘗試另一個工具 checkinstall
有興趣可以去網上找學習資料
$ apt-cache search checkinstall checkinstall - installation tracker