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第 177 章 Subversion

目錄

177.1. Invoking the Server
177.1.1. Installing
177.1.1.1. Ubuntu
177.1.1.2. CentOS 5
177.1.1.2.1. classic Unix-like xinetd daemon
177.1.1.2.2. WebDav
177.1.1.2.3. 項目目錄結構
177.1.1.3. CentOS 6
177.1.2. standalone “daemon” process
177.1.2.1. starting subversion for debian/ubuntu
177.1.2.2. starting subversion daemon script for CentOS/Radhat
177.1.3. classic Unix-like inetd daemon
177.1.4. hooks
177.1.4.1. post-commit
177.1.5. WebDav
177.1.5.1. davfs2 - mount a WebDAV resource as a regular file system
177.2. repository 管理
177.2.1. create repository
177.2.2. user admin
177.2.3. authz
177.2.4. dump
177.3. 使用Subversion
177.3.1. Initialized empty subversion repository for project
177.3.2. ignore
177.3.3. 關鍵字替換
177.3.4. lock 加鎖/ unlock 解鎖
177.3.5. import
177.3.6. export 指定版本
177.3.7. 修訂版本關鍵字
177.3.8. 恢復舊版本
177.4. branch
177.4.1. create
177.4.2. remove
177.4.3. switch
177.4.4. merge
177.4.5. relocate
177.5. FAQ
177.5.1. 遞歸添加檔案
177.5.2. 清除項目裡的所有.svn目錄
177.5.3. color diff
177.5.4. cvs2svn
177.5.5. Macromedia Dreamweaver MX 2004 + WebDAV +Subversion
177.5.6. 指定用戶名與密碼

177.1. Invoking the Server

配置開發環境版本控制Subversion

Squid + Subversion 請參考Squid一節

177.1.1. Installing

177.1.1.1. Ubuntu

過程 177.1. subversion

  1. installation

    $ sudo apt-get install subversion
    $ sudo apt-get install subversion
    					
  2. create svn group and svnroot user

    $ sudo groupadd svn
    $ sudo adduser svnroot --ingroup svn
    					
  3. create repository

    $ svnadmin create /home/svnroot/test
    					
  4. testing

    svnroot@netkiller:~$ svnserve -d --foreground -r /home/svnroot/
    					

    check out

    neo@netkiller:/tmp$ svn list svn://localhost/test

    you may see some file and directory

    neo@netkiller:/tmp$ ls test/.svn/
    entries  format  prop-base  props  text-base  tmp
    					
  5. configure

    $ vim repositories/conf/svnserve.conf

    [general]
    anon-access = read
    auth-access = write
    password-db = passwd
    # authz-db = authz
    # realm = My First Repository
    					

    $ vim repositories/conf/passwd

    [users]
    # harry = harryssecret
    # sally = sallyssecret
    neo = chen
    					

    如果不允許匿名用戶checkout代碼,配置檔案這樣寫anon-access = none

    [general]
    anon-access = none
    auth-access = write
    					
  6. firewall

    $ sudo ufw allow svn
    					

177.1.1.2. CentOS 5

		
[root@development ~]# yum -y install subversion
		
		
177.1.1.2.1. classic Unix-like xinetd daemon
			
[root@development ~]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/subversion
service subversion
{
    disable = no
    port = 3690
    socket_type = stream
    protocol = tcp
    wait = no
    user = svnroot
    server = /usr/bin/svnserve
    server_args = -i -r /home/svnroot
}
			
			

firewall

			
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --sport 3690 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 3690 -j ACCEPT
			
			
177.1.1.2.2. WebDav

install webdav module

			
[root@development ~]# yum install mod_dav_svn
			
			

create directory

			
mkdir /var/www/repository
svnadmin create /var/www/repository
			
			

subversion.conf

			
[root@development ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/subversion.conf
LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so
LoadModule dav_svn_module modules/mod_dav_svn.so
LoadModule authz_svn_module modules/mod_authz_svn.so
			
			

vhost.conf

			
<Location />
DAV svn
SVNPath /var/www/repository
AuthType Basic
AuthName "Subversion Repository"
AuthUserFile /etc/subversion/svn-auth-file
Require valid-user
</Location>
			
			

auth file

			
[root@development ~]# htpasswd -c /etc/subversion/svn-auth-file my_user_name
			
			
177.1.1.2.3. 項目目錄結構

–trunk #存放主綫

–branches #存放分支,可修改

–tags #存放標記,不可修改

177.1.1.3. CentOS 6

CentOS 6 預設沒有安裝xinetd

# yum install xinetd
# yum install subversion

# mkdir -p /opt/svnroot
			

xinetd 配置

# vim /etc/xinetd.d/svn
service svn
{
    disable = no
    port = 3690
    socket_type = stream
    protocol = tcp
    wait = no
    user = svnroot
    server = /usr/bin/svnserve
    server_args = -i -r /opt/svnroot
}

# /etc/init.d/xinetd restart
Stopping xinetd:                                           [FAILED]
Starting xinetd:                                           [  OK  ]

# tail /var/log/messages | grep xinetd
May  5 18:57:20 SZVM42-C1-02 yum: Installed: 2:xinetd-2.3.14-16.el5.i386
May  5 18:59:22 SZVM42-C1-02 xinetd[4558]: Unknown user: svnroot [file=/etc/xinetd.d/svn] [line=8]
May  5 18:59:22 SZVM42-C1-02 xinetd[4558]: Error parsing attribute user - DISABLING SERVICE

[file=/etc/xinetd.d/svn] [line=8]
May  5 18:59:22 SZVM42-C1-02 xinetd[4558]: xinetd Version 2.3.14 started with libwrap loadavg labeled-networking

options compiled in.
May  5 18:59:22 SZVM42-C1-02 xinetd[4558]: Started working: 0 available services
			

service 名字必須與 /etc/services中定義的名字相同,否則將不能啟動,同時在/var/log/message中會提示如下

May  4 14:33:08 www xinetd[5656]: service/protocol combination not in /etc/services: subversion/tcp
May  4 14:33:08 www xinetd[5656]: xinetd Version 2.3.14 started with libwrap loadavg labeled-networking options compiled in.
May  4 14:33:08 www xinetd[5656]: Started working: 0 available services
May  4 14:33:33 www pulseaudio[21913]: sink-input.c: Failed to create sink input: too many inputs per sink.
May  4 14:33:33 www pulseaudio[21913]: sink-input.c: Failed to create sink input: too many inputs per sink.
May  4 14:33:33 www pulseaudio[21913]: sink-input.c: Failed to create sink input: too many inputs per sink.
May  4 14:33:33 www pulseaudio[21913]: sink-input.c: Failed to create sink input: too many inputs per sink.
May  4 14:33:33 www pulseaudio[21913]: sink-input.c: Failed to create sink input: too many inputs per sink.
May  4 14:33:33 www pulseaudio[21913]: sink-input.c: Failed to create sink input: too many inputs per sink.
May  4 14:33:33 www pulseaudio[21913]: sink-input.c: Failed to create sink input: too many inputs per sink.
May  4 14:33:33 www pulseaudio[21913]: sink-input.c: Failed to create sink input: too many inputs per sink.
May  4 14:33:41 www xinetd[5656]: Exiting...
May  4 14:33:41 www xinetd[5676]: xinetd Version 2.3.14 started with libwrap loadavg labeled-networking options compiled in.
May  4 14:33:41 www xinetd[5676]: Started working: 1 available service
			

177.1.2. standalone “daemon” process

svn daemon

$ svnserve --daemon --root /home/svnroot
		

177.1.2.1. starting subversion for debian/ubuntu

/etc/init.d/subversion for debian/ubuntu

			
debian:/etc/init.d# cat subversion
#!/bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          subversion
# Required-Start:    $remote_fs $network
# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $network
# Should-Start:      fam
# Should-Stop:       fam
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: Start the subversion subversion server.
### END INIT INFO

#########################
# Author: Neo <openunix@163.com>
#########################

PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DAEMON=/usr/bin/svnserve
NAME=subversion
DESC="subversion server"
PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME.pid
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME
SVNROOT=/srv/svnroot
DAEMON_OPTS="-d -T -r $SVNROOT --pid-file $PIDFILE"

test -x $DAEMON || exit 0

set -e

. /lib/lsb/init-functions

case "$1" in
    start)
        log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESC" $NAME
        echo
        $DAEMON $DAEMON_OPTS
        echo `pgrep -o $NAME` > $PIDFILE > /dev/null 2> /dev/null
        ;;
    stop)
        log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC" $NAME
        echo
        killall `basename $DAEMON` > /dev/null 2> /dev/null
        rm -rf $PIDFILE
        ;;
    restart)
        $0 stop
        $0 start
        ;;
    status)
        ps ax | grep $NAME
        ;;
    *)
        echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|status}" >&2
        exit 1
        ;;
esac

exit 0
			
			

177.1.2.2. starting subversion daemon script for CentOS/Radhat

			
#!/bin/bash
#
# /etc/rc.d/init.d/subversion
#
# Starts the Subversion Daemon
#
# chkconfig: 345 90 10
#
# description: Subversion Daemon

# processname: svnserve

source /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

[ -x /usr/bin/svnserve ] || exit 1

### Default variables
SYSCONFIG="/etc/sysconfig/subversion"

### Read configuration
[ -r "$SYSCONFIG" ] && source "$SYSCONFIG"

RETVAL=0
USER="svnroot"
prog="svnserve"
desc="Subversion Daemon"

start() {
   echo -n $"Starting $desc ($prog): "
   daemon --user $USER $prog -d $OPTIONS
   RETVAL=$?
   [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/$prog
   echo
}

stop() {
   echo -n $"Shutting down $desc ($prog): "
   killproc $prog
   RETVAL=$?
   [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && success || failure
   echo
   [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/$prog
   return $RETVAL
}

case "$1" in
  start)
   start
   ;;
  stop)
   stop
   ;;
  restart)
   stop
   start
   RETVAL=$?
   ;;
  condrestart)
        [ -e /var/lock/subsys/$prog ] && restart
   RETVAL=$?
   ;;
  *)
   echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|condrestart}"
   RETVAL=1
esac

exit $RETVAL
			
			

/etc/sysconfig/subversion

# Configuration file for the Subversion service

#
# To pass additional options (for instace, -r root of directory to server) to
# the svnserve binary at startup, set OPTIONS here.
#
#OPTIONS=
OPTIONS="--threads --root /srv/svnroot"
				

177.1.3. classic Unix-like inetd daemon

/etc/inetd.conf

svn stream tcp nowait svn /usr/bin/svnserve svnserve -i -r /home/svnroot/repositories
			

xinetd.d

/etc/xinetd.d/subversion

$ sudo apt-get install xinetd
$ sudo vim /etc/xinetd.d/subversion

service subversion
{
    disable = no
    port = 3690
    socket_type = stream
    protocol = tcp
    wait = no
    user = svnroot
    server = /usr/bin/svnserve
    server_args = -i -r /home/svnroot
}
			

restart xinetd

$ sudo /etc/init.d/xinetd restart
			

177.1.4. hooks

$ sudo apt-get install subversion-tools
			

177.1.4.1. post-commit

install SVN::Notify

perl -MCPAN -e 'install SVN::Notify'
				
				
$ sudo cp post-commit.tmpl post-commit
$ sudo chown svnroot:svn post-commit
$ sudo vim post-commit

REPOS="$1"
REV="$2"

#/usr/share/subversion/hook-scripts/commit-email.pl "$REPOS" "$REV" openunix@163.com
/usr/share/subversion/hook-scripts/commit-email.pl "$1" "$2" --from neo@netkiller.8800.org -h localhost  -s "[SVN]" --diff y openunix@163.com openx@163.com
				
				

另一種方法

				
#!/bin/sh

REPOS="$1"
REV="$2"

/usr/local/bin/svnnotify                    \
    --repos-path    "$REPOS"                \
    --revision      "$REV"                  \
    --subject-cx                            \
    --with-diff                             \
    --handler       HTML::ColorDiff         \
    --to            <your e-mail address>   \
    --from          <from e-mail address>
    			
				
/usr/bin/svnnotify --repos-path "$REPOS" --revision "$REV" \
--from neo@netkiller.8800.org --to openunix@163.com --smtp localhost \
--handler "HTML::ColorDiff"  --with-diff --charset zh_CN:GB2312  -g zh_CN --svnlook /usr/bin/svnlook --subject-prefix '[SVN]'
				

如果你沒有安裝郵件伺服器,你可以使用服務商的SMTP如163.com

/usr/bin/svnnotify --repos-path "$REPOS" --revision "$REV" \
--from openx@163.com --to openunix@163.com --smtp smtp.163.com  --smtp-user openunix --smtp-pass ****** \
--handler "HTML::ColorDiff"  --with-diff --charset UTF-8 --language zh_CN --svnlook /usr/bin/svnlook --subject-prefix '[SVN]'
				

Charset

REPOS="$1"
REV="$2"

svnnotify --repos-path "$REPOS" --revision "$REV" \
        --subject-cx \
        --from neo.chen@example.com \
        --to group@example.com,manager@example.com \
        --with-diff \
        --svnlook /usr/bin/svnlook \
        --subject-prefix '[SVN]' \
        --charset UTF-8  --language zh_CN
				

177.1.5. WebDav

Apache SVN

$ sudo apt-get install libapache2-svn
netkiller@neo:/etc/apache2$ sudo apt-get install libapache2-svn
			

vhost

			
<VirtualHost *>
        ServerName svn.netkiller.8800.org
        DocumentRoot /var/svn

      <Location />
                DAV svn
                SVNPath /var/svn
                AuthType Basic
                AuthName "Subversion Repository"
                AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/svn.passwd
                <LimitExcept GET PROPFIND OPTIONS REPORT>
                        Require valid-user
                </LimitExcept>
        </Location>
</VirtualHost>
			
			

建立密碼檔案

建立第一個用戶需要加-c參數

netkiller@neo:/etc/apache2$ sudo htpasswd2 -c /etc/apache2/svn.passwd svn
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user svn
			

輸入兩次密碼

建立其他用戶

sudo htpasswd2 /etc/apache2/svn.passwd otheruser
			

177.1.5.1. davfs2 - mount a WebDAV resource as a regular file system

install

$ sudo apt-get install davfs2
				

mount a webdav to directory

$ sudo mount.davfs https://opensvn.csie.org/netkiller /mnt/davfs/
Please enter the username to authenticate with server
https://opensvn.csie.org/netkiller or hit enter for none.
Username: svn
Please enter the password to authenticate user svn with server
https://opensvn.csie.org/netkiller or hit enter for none.
Password:
mount.davfs: the server certificate is not trusted
  issuer:      CSIE.org, CSIE.org, Taipei, Taiwan, TW
  subject:     CSIE.org, CSIE.org, Taipei, TW
  identity:    *.csie.org
  fingerprint: e6:05:eb:fb:69:5d:25:4e:11:3c:83:e8:7c:44:ee:bf:a9:85:a3:64
You only should accept this certificate, if you can
verify the fingerprint! The server might be faked
or there might be a man-in-the-middle-attack.
Accept certificate for this session? [y,N] y
				

test

$ ls davfs/
branches  lost+found  tags  trunk